Chemistry
105: Fundamentals of Chemistry-Introduction to Molecular Science (2008)
Instructor: |
Dr. C.D. Schaeffer |
Office: |
Musser Hall,
Room M-208 |
Telephone: |
Ext. 1128 (office)
or 1126 (chemistry secretary) |
E-mail: |
schaeffercd@etown.edu |
Office Hours: |
MTuWThF 7:00-8:00
a.m., and by appointment |
Class/Lab: |
MWF 8:00-8:50
& 9:30-10:20 a.m., S-114 / MTuWTh 12:30-3:20 p.m. & Th 8:00-10:50
a.m., M-108 |
Course Prerequisites
High school algebra; high school chemistry
Required Textbooks and Materials
J.E. Brady and F. Senese, "Chemistry: Matter & Its
Changes," 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 2004.
R.R. Reeder, C.D. Schaeffer, Jr., and J.L. Hedrick, "A
Manual for General Chemistry Laboratory," 5th ed., Elizabethtown College,
2008.
C.D. Schaeffer, "Qualitative Analysis," Elizabethtown
College (distributed in laboratory).
Laboratory notebook, 60 leaves, quad. ruled. This bound
notebook is for your laboratory work only.
Safety goggles for use in laboratory. Prescription
eyeglasses are no longer sufficient alone for laboratory use.
Contact lenses and sunglasses also do not meet the requirement and may
not be worn.
An additional notebook of your own choice for lecture
notes.
An electronic hand calculator capable of addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, squaring, square root extraction, logarithms,
and antilogarithms. Calculators may not be shared during examinations
or quizzes.
At least one pair of light-weight gloves (such as those
commonly available at many grocery stores) is strongly recommended for
use in the laboratory.
Supplemental Work
Optional reading is listed at the end of every textbook
chapter. More homework problems may be found in any other general chemistry
book, many of which may be found in the chemistry library, room 104, Musser
Hall.
Objectives
Ch 105 is a one-semester, in-depth survey of chemistry
for those who plan further study in chemistry. It introduces current concepts
and principles by which chemical behavior may be understood, as well as
techniques for the application of chemical knowledge to a variety of problems.
Topics include:
Acid & Bases
Atomic & Molecular Structure
Atoms & Elements
Bonding
Colligative Properties
Compounds & Reactions
Equilibrium & pH
Intermolecular Forces
Measurements
Reactivity
Solutions & Solubility
States of Matter
Stoichiometry
In addition to the information content of each topic,
it is important that each student develops the ability to use that information
effectively. Students will be expected to:
1. Correctly define and use terminology and nomenclature
related to the topics.
2. Apply theoretical concepts to specific examples to
yield qualitative analyses and predictions of behavior.
3. Perform quantitative calculations related to the topics
to obtain numerically correct results with proper units.
4. Apply principles to specific examples in order to identify
substances, describe processes, formulate solutions to problems, and interpret
information and data.
5. Perform laboratory procedures, make accurate measurements,
and interpret experimental data.
Attendance
Regular prompt attendance at lectures and laboratory
is required. Students will be responsible on examinations for information
presented in the lectures, as well as for reading, problem assignments,
and laboratory experiments up to the date of the examination. Prompt and
full attendance at every laboratory session is also required. Each experiment
must be conducted during the week it is scheduled. Students are required
to complete each experiment; failure to do so will result in a course grade
of F.
Problem and Reading Assignments
Responding to questions and problems in frequent and
serious study sessions is the most effective learning technique. Answers
for many of the problems are found near the end of the textbook. Examinations
may deal with questions of a similar nature to those in the homework. If
you delay problem solving and studying until just prior to the examinations,
you will do poorly. Studying is not cramming.
Examinations and Quizzes
Three examinations will be given during lecture periods
on the indicated dates. Under no circumstances will these examinations
be rescheduled. Brief quizzes will be given during lecture periods. The
dates and topics of the quizzes may or may not be announced in advance.
A comprehensive final examination will be administered at the end of the
course during the final examination period. Attendance at exams and quizzes
is required; there will be no make-up exams or quizzes under any circumstances.
An unexcused absence from an exam or quiz will be rewarded with a grade
of zero.
Laboratory
Preparation to conduct laboratory work begins with a
careful reading of the appropriate project prior to coming to laboratory,
room 108 in Musser Hall. Based on that reading, plan your work and outline
that plan in your laboratory notebook before coming
to your laboratory section.
Each laboratory has a faculty instructor
and one or more advanced student assistants. When you arrive at the laboratory,
one of these people will check your notebook to determine your understanding
of the work to be done. He or she will also check to see that you have
completed the previous week's work and that you have submitted your results.
If, in the instructor's opinion, you are unprepared, you will not be permitted
to work at that time. If you are behind in laboratory work, you will be
told to complete the outstanding work before beginning a new experiment.
If you are both prepared and current, you will be signed in and you may
conduct your work. The projects must be completed before the end of the
period during which they are scheduled. Reports
submitted at other times may not be accepted, making you liable to repeat
that experiment. Before leaving the laboratory, you must complete
the analysis called for at the end of the experiment, and report the results
to the instructor. On several occasions noted in the laboratory schedule,
you will conduct an experiment in the normal fashion and, during the following
week, reflect on your work and method. After planning ways to improve your
results, you will conduct the same experiment during the following week
and, based on your notebook records, submit a written report on your work.
These reports will be graded by the instructor and will contribute to your
final course grade. Documentation standards and additional guidance in
the preparation of these reports will be provided in class and laboratory.
Reports
submitted late will be penalized and may not be accepted. The
laboratory is a very important part of this course. Attendance is required
at all sessions. The penalty for any incomplete laboratory work remaining
after 2:00 p.m. on Friday, December 5, 2008, is failure of the course.
Grading
A grade is not an entitlement. Examinations and
quizzes will be graded on a scale of 0-100%. Letter grades corresponding
to these percentages are as follows:
0 - 59% = F
60 - 69% = D
70 - 79% = C
80 - 89% = B
90 -100% = A
Final grades will be determined by combining examination
grades (50%), the final examination grade (25%), a composite of quiz grades
(12.5%), and a laboratory evaluation (12.5% for performance, attendance
and reports). Letter equivalents to the final numerical total are as follows:
0 - 59% = F |
70 - 72% =
C- |
83 - 86% =
B |
60 - 62% =
D- |
73 - 76% =
C |
87 - 89% =
B+ |
63 - 66% =
D |
77 - 79% =
C+ |
90 - 92% =
A- |
67 - 69% =
D+ |
80 - 82% =
B- |
93 -100% =
A |
Students may request a grade of "I" by submitting a formal
written request to the professor of the course. Grades of "I" are
assigned for extenuating circumstances only. They are not given simply
to allow additional time to complete required course work or to improve
a course grade. Forms are available in the Registration & Records
Office.
Academic Integrity
Students are expected to be familiar with the policy
regarding academic dishonesty and plagiarism as outlined in the College'sStudent
Handbook, and in the most recent edition of the pamphlet, "Academic Integrity
at Elizabethtown College." These activities will not be tolerated, and
will be penalized severely.
Disability Statement
If you have a documented disability and need reasonable
accommodations to fully participate in course activities or meet course
requirements, you must: (1) contact the Director of Disability Services,
Tammie Longsderff, in the Center of Student Success, BSC 226, 717-361-1549,
longsdtl@etown.edu; and (2) meet with me, the course instructor,
with two weeks of receiving a copy of the accommodation letter from Disability
Services to discuss your accommodation needs and their implementation.
For the Record
Illness and Family Emergency. Since absence will
negatively impact learning, contact the instructor promptly in the event
that work or related obligations are unattended. Make sure that you
obtain notes from classmates on all missed material. The decision
as to the nature of any makeup work is entirely at the discretion of the
instructor.
Tentative Lecture Outline & Examination Schedule
Chapter &
Topic |
Date |
Introduction to Ch 105 |
Aug. 25 |
Ch. 1: Atoms & Elements |
Aug. 27, 29 |
Ch. 2: Compounds & Chemical
Reactions |
Sep. 3, 5 |
Ch. 3: Measurements |
Sep. 8 |
Ch. 4: The Mole |
Sep. 10, 12, 15 |
Ch. 5: Reactions Between Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
Sep. 17 |
Exam 1 |
Sep. 19 (Friday. Bring #2 pencil with
erasure for Scantron form) |
|
|
Ch. 8: The Quantum Mechanical
Atom |
Sep. 22, 24, 26, 29 |
Ch. 9: Chemical Bonding: General
Concepts (omit Sec. 9.4) |
Oct. 1, 3, 6, 8 |
Ch. 10: Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure
(omit Sec. 10.7) |
Oct. 13, 15, 17 |
Ch. 12: Solids, Liquids, State Changes & Forces (omit Sec. 12.9) |
Oct. 20, 22 |
Exam 2 |
Oct. 24 (Friday. Bring #2 pencil with
erasure for Scantron form) |
|
|
Ch. 11: Gases (omit Sec. 11.5) |
Oct. 27, 29, 31 |
Ch. 14: Solutions |
Nov. 3, 5, 7, 10 |
Ch. 16: Chemical Equilibrium: General
Concepts |
Nov. 12, 14, 17 |
Ch. 17: Acids & Bases: A Second
Look |
Nov. 19, 21 |
Exam 3 |
Nov. 24 (Monday) |
|
|
Ch. 18: Equilibra in Solutions of Weak Acids
& Bases |
Nov. 26, Dec. 1, 3, 5 |
|
|
|
|
Final Examination,
cumulative all lecture & laboratory |
Section A:
Dec. 12 (Friday), 7:30-10:30 a.m. Rain, snow or ice; Dr. S.
can walk to campus. |
Reading & Review Exercise Assignments
Ch. 1 Reading: pps. 1 - 34
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 2 Reading: pps. 43 - 72
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 3 Reading: pps. 79 - 105
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 4 Reading: pps. 112 - 144
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 5 Reading: pps. 154 - 206
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 8 Reading: pps. 303 - 346
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 9 Reading: pps. 353 - 394
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 10 Reading: pps. 401 - 444
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 11 Reading: pps. 451 - 495
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 12 Reading: pps. 504 - 540
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 14 Reading: pps. 598 - 638
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 16 Reading: pps. 697 - 729
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 17 Reading: pps. 737 - 769
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 18 Reading: pps. 775 - 824
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Ch. 19 Reading: pps. 832 - 858
Review Questions/Problems: all/all highlighted in and
red relevant to the assigned reading.
Tentative Laboratory Schedule
Date |
Number |
Experiment Title |
Aug. 25 |
Exp. 1 |
Mathematics of Chemistry. Students do this on your own outside
of laboratory. The laboratory, M-108, remains closed. |
Sep. 1 |
Exp. 1 |
Labor Day. Mathematics of Chemistry, concluded |
Sep. 8 |
Read pps. I1-I4 |
Check In, Laboratory Safety, Analytical Balance. Come to lab. |
Sep. 15 |
Exp. 5 |
Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide |
Sep. 22 |
CDS blue booklet |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis |
Sep. 29 |
CDS blue booklet |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, continued |
Oct. 6 |
|
Fall Break; no lab |
Oct. 13 |
CDS blue booklet |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, continued |
Oct. 20 |
CDS blue booklet |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, continued |
Oct. 27 |
CDS blue booklet |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, concluded |
Nov. 3 |
Handout |
Volumetric Determination of Calcium in Bottled Water |
Nov. 10 |
Handout & Exp. 18 |
Gravimetric Determination of Nickel in a Coin; Introduction to Organic
Structure |
Nov. 17 |
Handout & Exp. 18 |
Gravimetric Determination of Nickel in a Coin; Introduction to Organic
Structure |
Nov. 24 |
|
Thanksgiving week; no formal laboratory, but weigh dried filter
crucibles if necessary |
Dec. 1 |
|
Return water & Ni expts.; check out |
Reminder: The penalty
for any incomplete laboratory work remaining after 2:00 p.m. on Friday,
December 5, 2008, is failure of the course.
Laboratory Awareness
1. Protective eyewear is required. If glasses
are worn, they must have attached side shields. Contact lenses are
discouraged and in themselves do not fulfill the requirement.
2. Wear suitable attire (e.g., no shorts or skirts, only
closed shoes but no sandals, nonflammable clothing, etc.). Wearing
of a lab coat or apron is recommended. Tie back or secure long hair.
3. Know the location and operation of all laboratory safety
equipment. Use the fume hoods as much as necessary to minimize the
presence of undesirable vapors. Keep your face out of the hood and
keep the hood window down as much as possible. If the need
to use a safety shower or eyewash station arises, insure sufficient washing
or irrigation time and volume to mitigate the problem. Irrigate the
contaminated eye until the problem is corrected, making sure that the eyelid
is pulled back to expose the eye. If a chemical is spilled on you,
wash the area immediately with water.
4. Be familiar with the chemical properties, physical
properties, and toxicity of the substances with which you will be working.
Ask your instructor to direct you to the location in the chemistry library
containing this information.
5. Wear gloves if reagents are toxic, corrosive,
or if there is any doubt.
6. Create & maintain a clean and orderly
workspace appropriate for the environment and compatible with the experiment
in progress. Anticipate the consequences of your actions and plan
all work accordingly. It is also your responsibility to insure that
your laboratory neighbors act in like fashion. Everyone assists with
cleanup at the conclusion of work.
7. Exercise caution when transferring reagents in
order to minimize the potential for spills and for contamination of the
bulk supply. The incorrect manipulation of container lids is also
a common source of contamination.
8. Place waste chemicals in appropriate containers
labeled with the contents. Consult an instructor for further details
on proper disposal techniques. Place discarded glass only in the
special containers designated as such.
9. Use an open flame in this course only when directed
to do so.
10. Transport liquids or solids only in closed containers.
11. Always be on the lookout for pressure build-up.
Never heat a closed system. When extracting with a separatory
funnel, always vent the pressure before and after shaking.
It is prudent to begin an extraction in a beaker or a flask where there
is plenty of room for gases to escape.
12. Never distill to dryness.
13. Use only round-bottom flasks or filter flasks for
evacuation.
14. Use extra caution in manipulating heated objects,
especially ironware and glassware.
15. If there is an accident, regardless of how minor,
notify the instructor immediately.
16. Eating or drinking is permitted only outside
the laboratory.
17. Think while you work and use common sense.
Never rush.
18. Perform no unauthorized experiments.
19. Never work alone.
20. Further specialized instruction will be provided as
specific experiments warrant.
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